Recycling contamination checker

Not sure if something belongs in your recycling bin? Check items below to see if they can be recycled or if they'll contaminate your recycling stream.

Showing 82 items

Cardboard boxes

Recyclable

Category: Paper & Cardboard

Clean, flattened cardboard boxes are highly recyclable. Remove tape and labels if possible.

Pizza boxes

It Depends

Category: Paper & Cardboard

Clean boxes can be recycled. Greasy or food-soiled boxes should be composted or trashed.

Alternative: Tear off clean sections to recycle, compost or trash soiled parts.

Newspapers

Recyclable

Category: Paper & Cardboard

Newspapers and inserts are recyclable. No need to remove staples or glossy sections.

Office paper

Recyclable

Category: Paper & Cardboard

White and colored office paper is recyclable. Staples are okay but remove paper clips.

Shredded paper

It Depends

Category: Paper & Cardboard

Many facilities reject shredded paper as it clogs equipment. Check locally or compost instead.

Alternative: Use as packing material, compost, or check if your facility accepts it in clear bags.

Paper towels

Not Recyclable

Category: Paper & Cardboard

Used paper towels cannot be recycled. They're often contaminated and fibers are too short.

Alternative: Compost clean paper towels or dispose in trash.

Receipts

Not Recyclable

Category: Paper & Cardboard

Thermal receipts contain BPA coating that contaminates paper recycling.

Alternative: Request digital receipts when possible, otherwise trash them.

Plastic bottles (#1 PET)

It Depends

Category: Plastic

The #1 resin code identifies PET plastic; it does not guarantee curbside acceptance. Empty and rinse, then check local rules.

Milk jugs (#2 HDPE)

It Depends

Category: Plastic

The #2 resin code identifies HDPE; local programs decide which shapes they accept. Empty and rinse, then check local rules for caps.

Plastic bags

Not Recyclable

Category: Plastic

Plastic bags jam recycling sorting machines. Never put them in curbside bins.

Alternative: Some stores accept clean, dry bags and film at designated drop-offs. Confirm local participation and acceptance first.

Nothing near you takes plastic bags and film?Free route first: Store drop-off bins take clean bags and film for free at over 20,000 US retail locations, so try that first.TerraCycle’s Plastic Packaging Zero Waste Box is a paid mail-in option, prepaid label included. Sponsored.
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Plastic wrap

Not Recyclable

Category: Plastic

Plastic wrap tangles in sorting equipment and cannot be processed at most facilities.

Alternative: Minimize use or check for store drop-off programs.

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Yogurt containers

It Depends

Category: Plastic

Most yogurt containers (#5 PP) are recyclable if clean. Check your local program.

Alternative: Rinse thoroughly and check for recycling symbol with local acceptance.

Plastic straws

Not Recyclable

Category: Plastic

Too small to be sorted properly and often made from non-recyclable plastic.

Alternative: Use reusable metal, glass, or bamboo straws.

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Plastic utensils

Not Recyclable

Category: Plastic

Single-use plastic utensils are too small and contaminated to recycle.

Alternative: Choose reusable utensils or compostable alternatives.

Styrofoam

Not Recyclable

Category: Plastic

Polystyrene foam is not accepted in most curbside programs. Special facilities required.

Alternative: Check for specialized foam recycling centers or minimize use.

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Black plastic containers

Not Recyclable

Category: Plastic

Black plastic cannot be detected by optical sorters at recycling facilities.

Alternative: Choose clear or colored containers when possible.

Glass bottles and jars

Recyclable

Category: Glass

Clear, green, and brown glass containers are infinitely recyclable. Rinse before recycling.

Broken glass

It Depends

Category: Glass

Some programs accept it, others don't due to safety concerns. Check locally.

Alternative: Wrap safely in paper and label before disposing.

Window glass

Not Recyclable

Category: Glass

Window glass has different melting point than container glass and contaminates the process.

Alternative: Donate usable panes or dispose in trash carefully wrapped.

Drinking glasses

Not Recyclable

Category: Glass

Tempered glass (like drinking glasses) has different properties than bottle glass.

Alternative: Donate if intact or dispose in trash.

Light bulbs

It Depends

Category: Glass

LEDs and CFLs need special recycling. Incandescent bulbs go in trash.

Alternative: Take CFLs and LEDs to retail drop-off locations like Home Depot.

Nothing near you takes old incandescent and halogen bulbs?Free route first: Take CFL, fluorescent and LED bulbs to a household hazardous waste site or a store collection program. This box takes only incandescent and halogen bulbs.TerraCycle’s Incandescent Light Bulbs Zero Waste Box is a paid mail-in option, prepaid label included. Sponsored.
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Aluminum cans

Recyclable

Category: Metal

Aluminum cans are highly valuable and infinitely recyclable. Empty and rinse.

Steel/tin cans

Recyclable

Category: Metal

Soup, vegetable, and other steel cans are recyclable. Rinse and labels can stay on.

Aluminum foil

It Depends

Category: Metal

Clean foil can be recycled if balled up to golf-ball size. Food-soiled foil cannot.

Alternative: Clean and ball up foil scraps together for recycling.

Aerosol cans

Recyclable

Category: Metal

Empty aerosol cans are recyclable. Must be completely empty but caps can stay on.

Metal hangers

Not Recyclable

Category: Metal

Wire hangers tangle in sorting equipment.

Alternative: Return to dry cleaners or donate to thrift stores.

Scrap metal

Recyclable

Category: Metal

Large metal items should go to scrap yards, not curbside bins.

Alternative: Take to local scrap metal recycling facility for cash.

Food waste

Not Recyclable

Category: Food & Organic

Food waste contaminates recyclables. Never put it in recycling bins.

Alternative: Compost at home or use municipal composting programs.

Greasy food containers

Not Recyclable

Category: Food & Organic

Grease and food residue contaminate paper and plastic recycling.

Alternative: Compost if uncoated paper, otherwise trash.

Coffee grounds

Not Recyclable

Category: Food & Organic

Organic waste, not recyclable material.

Alternative: Excellent for composting or use as garden fertilizer.

Batteries

It Depends

Category: Hazardous

Never put in regular recycling. Batteries require special recycling programs.

Alternative: Take to battery recycling drop-off or retail collection points.

Electronics

It Depends

Category: E-Waste

E-waste needs specialized recycling facilities, not curbside bins.

Alternative: Take to e-waste recycling events or retail drop-off programs.

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Plastic plant pots

It Depends

Category: Plastic

Many facilities don't accept black plastic pots. Check locally or return to nurseries.

Alternative: Reuse for starting seeds or return to garden centers.

Nothing near you takes plastic nursery pots?Free route first: Many garden centers take their own pots back for free, so ask where you bought them.TerraCycle’s Garden Products Zero Waste Box is a paid mail-in option, prepaid label included. Sponsored.
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Bubble wrap

Not Recyclable

Category: Plastic

Not accepted in curbside recycling. Reuse or take to store drop-off.

Alternative: Save for shipping or check store collection programs.

Nothing near you takes bubble wrap and mailers?Free route first: Clean bubble wrap goes in the same store drop-off bins as plastic bags, for free.TerraCycle’s Plastic Packaging Zero Waste Box is a paid mail-in option, prepaid label included. Sponsored.
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To-go coffee cups

Not Recyclable

Category: Paper & Cardboard

Paper cups have plastic lining that prevents recycling at most facilities.

Alternative: Use reusable mugs or check for specialized recycling programs.

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Juice boxes

It Depends

Category: Mixed Materials

Made of mixed materials (paper, plastic, foil). Some facilities accept them.

Alternative: Check local guidelines or choose recyclable alternatives.

Clothing

Not Recyclable

Category: Textiles

Clothing doesn't go in recycling bins but can be donated or textile-recycled.

Alternative: Donate wearable items or take to textile recycling programs.

Nothing near you takes worn-out clothing and textiles?TerraCycle’s Fabrics and Clothing Zero Waste Box is a paid mail-in option, prepaid label included. Sponsored.
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Plastic toys

Not Recyclable

Category: Plastic

Toys are made from mixed materials and not accepted in recycling.

Alternative: Donate working toys or dispose in trash.

Nothing near you takes broken toys?Free route first: Anything still playable is worth donating first.TerraCycle’s Toys Zero Waste Box is a paid mail-in option, prepaid label included. Sponsored.
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Egg cartons (cardboard)

Recyclable

Category: Paper & Cardboard

Cardboard egg cartons are recyclable if clean and dry. Remove any food residue first.

Egg cartons (styrofoam)

Not Recyclable

Category: Plastic

Styrofoam egg cartons are not accepted in most curbside programs.

Alternative: Reuse for crafts or seed starting, or check for styrofoam recycling centers.

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Cereal boxes

Recyclable

Category: Paper & Cardboard

Cereal boxes and similar paperboard are recyclable. Remove plastic bag liners first.

Frozen food boxes

It Depends

Category: Paper & Cardboard

Many frozen food boxes have a wax or plastic coating that makes recycling difficult. Check locally.

Alternative: Look for 'recyclable' symbol or test - if it tears easily, likely recyclable.

Plastic bottle caps

Recyclable

Category: Plastic

Most programs now accept caps if left ON bottles. Check your local guidelines.

Plastic food containers (takeout)

It Depends

Category: Plastic

Check the number - #1, #2, and #5 are often accepted if clean. Greasy containers cannot be recycled.

Alternative: Wash thoroughly or trash if heavily soiled.

Plastic clamshell containers

It Depends

Category: Plastic

Clear clamshells (#1 PET) are often recyclable if clean. Check locally as acceptance varies.

Ziploc bags

Not Recyclable

Category: Plastic

Plastic bags jam sorting machines. Do not put in curbside bins.

Alternative: Return to grocery store collection bins or reuse many times.

Nothing near you takes plastic bags and film?Free route first: Store drop-off bins take clean bags and film for free at over 20,000 US retail locations, so try that first.TerraCycle’s Plastic Packaging Zero Waste Box is a paid mail-in option, prepaid label included. Sponsored.
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Plastic grocery bags

Not Recyclable

Category: Plastic

Never in curbside recycling. They tangle in equipment and shut down facilities.

Alternative: Return to store drop-off bins or use reusable bags.

Nothing near you takes plastic bags and film?Free route first: Store drop-off bins take clean bags and film for free at over 20,000 US retail locations, so try that first.TerraCycle’s Plastic Packaging Zero Waste Box is a paid mail-in option, prepaid label included. Sponsored.
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Produce bags (plastic)

Not Recyclable

Category: Plastic

Thin plastic bags are not accepted in curbside recycling.

Alternative: Return to store collection or use reusable produce bags.

Nothing near you takes plastic bags and film?Free route first: Store drop-off bins take clean bags and film for free at over 20,000 US retail locations, so try that first.TerraCycle’s Plastic Packaging Zero Waste Box is a paid mail-in option, prepaid label included. Sponsored.
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Bread bags

Not Recyclable

Category: Plastic

Plastic film bags jam sorting equipment.

Alternative: Return to store bins or reuse for food storage.

Nothing near you takes plastic bags and film?Free route first: Store drop-off bins take clean bags and film for free at over 20,000 US retail locations, so try that first.TerraCycle’s Plastic Packaging Zero Waste Box is a paid mail-in option, prepaid label included. Sponsored.
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Chip bags

Not Recyclable

Category: Mixed Materials

Made of mixed plastic and metal layers that cannot be separated for recycling.

Alternative: They cannot go in curbside bins or grocery-store film drop-off.

Nothing near you takes chip bags and snack wrappers?Free route first: Some snack brands sponsor free TerraCycle programs for their own wrappers, so check your brand first. Store film bins do not take chip bags.TerraCycle’s Candy and Snack Wrappers Zero Waste Box is a paid mail-in option, prepaid label included. Sponsored.
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Candy wrappers

Not Recyclable

Category: Mixed Materials

Too small and made of mixed materials. Not recyclable in standard programs.

Alternative: They cannot go in curbside bins. Keep them out of store film drop-off too.

Nothing near you takes chip bags and snack wrappers?Free route first: Some snack brands sponsor free TerraCycle programs for their own wrappers, so check your brand first. Store film bins do not take chip bags.TerraCycle’s Candy and Snack Wrappers Zero Waste Box is a paid mail-in option, prepaid label included. Sponsored.
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Paper coffee cups (disposable)

Not Recyclable

Category: Paper & Cardboard

Lined with plastic film that prevents recycling. Lids may be recyclable separately.

Alternative: Use reusable mugs or look for certified compostable cups.

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Plastic coffee cup lids

It Depends

Category: Plastic

Most are #6 plastic (PS) which many facilities don't accept. Check locally.

Alternative: Use reusable mugs with no lids needed.

Aluminum pie tins

Recyclable

Category: Metal

Clean aluminum pie tins and trays are recyclable. Wash off food residue first.

Wine corks (natural)

Not Recyclable

Category: Other

Natural cork is not recyclable in standard bins but some stores collect them.

Alternative: Look for cork recycling programs at Whole Foods or use for crafts.

Nothing near you takes wine corks?Free route first: ReCORK runs free cork drop-off points in a lot of wine shops.TerraCycle’s Natural and Synthetic Corks Zero Waste Box is a paid mail-in option, prepaid label included. Sponsored.
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Wine corks (synthetic)

Not Recyclable

Category: Plastic

Synthetic/plastic corks are not recyclable.

Alternative: Reuse for crafts or dispose in trash.

Plastic wrap on products

Not Recyclable

Category: Plastic

Shrink wrap and plastic film on products tangles in machinery.

Alternative: Return to store collection bins if clean.

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Paper towel tubes

Recyclable

Category: Paper & Cardboard

Toilet paper and paper towel tubes are recyclable. Can also be composted.

Toilet paper tubes

Recyclable

Category: Paper & Cardboard

Cardboard tubes from toilet paper are recyclable or compostable.

Tissue boxes

Recyclable

Category: Paper & Cardboard

The cardboard box is recyclable. Remove and trash the plastic film window if present.

Gift wrap (paper)

It Depends

Category: Paper & Cardboard

Plain paper gift wrap is recyclable. Foil, glitter, or plastic-coated wrap is not.

Alternative: Use newspaper, kraft paper, or fabric wraps instead.

Greeting cards

It Depends

Category: Paper & Cardboard

Plain paper cards are recyclable. Remove ribbons, bows, and music chips first.

Envelopes (with windows)

Recyclable

Category: Paper & Cardboard

Envelopes with plastic windows are recyclable. No need to remove the window.

Junk mail

Recyclable

Category: Paper & Cardboard

All paper mail is recyclable including glossy flyers. Staples are okay.

Magazines

Recyclable

Category: Paper & Cardboard

Glossy magazines and catalogs are recyclable. Staples can stay in.

Phone books

Recyclable

Category: Paper & Cardboard

Old phone books can be recycled with mixed paper. Some areas have special collection.

Books (hardcover)

Not Recyclable

Category: Mixed Materials

Hardcover books have glue and mixed materials. Remove cover and recycle pages only.

Alternative: Donate to libraries, thrift stores, or Little Free Libraries.

Books (paperback)

It Depends

Category: Paper & Cardboard

Paperbacks can often be recycled if binding is removed. Donation is better.

Alternative: Donate to libraries, schools, or book exchange programs.

Paint cans (empty)

It Depends

Category: Metal

Completely dry, empty metal paint cans may be recyclable. Latex paint only.

Alternative: Check local hazardous waste programs for wet paint.

Spray paint cans (empty)

It Depends

Category: Metal

Must be completely empty with no pressure. Many facilities require hazardous waste disposal.

Alternative: Take to household hazardous waste collection.

Pots and pans

It Depends

Category: Metal

Metal cookware is recyclable but too large for curbside. Take to scrap metal facility.

Alternative: Donate usable items or take to metal recyclers.

Metal coat hangers

Not Recyclable

Category: Metal

Wire hangers tangle in sorting equipment.

Alternative: Return to dry cleaners or donate to thrift stores.

Small appliances

It Depends

Category: E-Waste

Electronics need special e-waste recycling, not curbside bins.

Alternative: Take to e-waste collection or retailer take-back programs.

Lightbulbs (LED)

It Depends

Category: E-Waste

LEDs contain electronics and should be recycled at hardware stores, not curbside.

Alternative: Take to Home Depot, Lowe's, or e-waste collection.

Lightbulbs (CFL)

It Depends

Category: Hazardous

CFLs contain mercury and require special recycling. Never in trash or curbside bins.

Alternative: Take to hardware store drop-off or hazardous waste collection.

Lightbulbs (incandescent)

Not Recyclable

Category: Glass

Incandescent bulbs are not recyclable due to metal base and thin glass.

Alternative: Wrap in paper and dispose in trash. Switch to LEDs.

Mirrors

Not Recyclable

Category: Glass

Mirror glass has coating that contaminates bottle glass recycling.

Alternative: Donate if intact or dispose in trash wrapped safely.

Ceramic dishes

Not Recyclable

Category: Other

Ceramics have different melting point than glass and contaminate recycling.

Alternative: Donate intact dishes or dispose in trash.

Coffee mugs (ceramic)

Not Recyclable

Category: Other

Ceramic mugs cannot be recycled with glass or other materials.

Alternative: Donate to thrift stores or repurpose.

Pyrex/glassware

Not Recyclable

Category: Glass

Heat-resistant glass (Pyrex) has different composition than bottle glass.

Alternative: Donate usable items or dispose in trash.

Mason jars

Recyclable

Category: Glass

Mason jars and canning jars are recyclable glass. Lids can be recycled separately.

Bottle caps (metal)

Recyclable

Category: Metal

Metal bottle caps are recyclable. Place loose in bin or inside a steel can.

Status Guide:

Recyclable: Accepted in most curbside recycling programs
Not Recyclable: Cannot be recycled in curbside bins
It Depends: Acceptance varies by location or condition

What contamination does to a recycling load

An item that a local program does not accept can lower material quality or create sorting problems. One wrong item does not automatically ruin a truckload; loads with enough contamination may be rejected or sent for disposal, depending on the facility and buyer requirements.

Common contaminants include food waste, plastic bags, greasy pizza boxes, and items labeled as "biodegradable" plastic. Following your local guidelines helps your recyclables get recycled.

How to keep a recycling load clean

  • ✓Empty, clean, and dry: Rinse containers and let them dry before recycling
  • ✓When in doubt, throw it out: If unsure, it's better to trash it than contaminate
  • ✓No bagging: Never put recyclables in plastic bags - they jam sorting machines
  • ✓Check locally: Rules vary by location - verify with your local recycling program

Related resources

Recycling contamination: frequently asked questions

What is recycling contamination?

Contamination is anything in the recycling stream that does not belong there, either a material the program does not accept or an accepted material fouled by food, liquid, or grease. It matters because recycling is sold as a commodity: a bale of cardboard with food waste in it is worth less, and past a certain point a buyer will reject it outright. The habit of tossing something in and hoping it gets recycled has a name in the industry, wishcycling, and it is the single biggest source of contamination.

What are the most common recycling contaminants?

Plastic bags and film top almost every list, followed by food and liquid left in containers, greasy cardboard, disposable coffee cups, and items made of mixed materials that cannot be separated. Garden hoses, cables, and holiday lights cause a specific problem: sorting crews call them tanglers because they wrap around the spinning screens at a sorting facility and shut the line down until someone cuts them free by hand.

Do I need to wash containers before recycling them?

Empty, clean, and dry is the standard, but clean means a quick rinse, not spotless. A jar with a film of residue is fine; a jar half full of sauce is not. Let containers dry before they go in the bin, because moisture is what transfers to paper and cardboard and ruins those materials. Do not run the dishwasher for your recycling, since the water and energy cost outweighs the benefit.

Does one greasy pizza box ruin the whole batch?

A greasy box does not automatically ruin a truckload, but grease can interfere with paper pulping. Tear off clean sections for recycling; put heavily soiled parts in the trash or a compost program that accepts them. Local rules differ, including for lightly soiled boxes.

Why can't plastic bags go in curbside recycling?

Plastic film is not accepted in most curbside programs because it can tangle sorting equipment. Some stores collect clean, dry bags and film separately; verify that a participating drop-off near you accepts the material.

What happens when a load of recycling is contaminated?

It depends how bad it is. Sorting facilities pull obvious contaminants by hand and by machine, which costs money and slows throughput. When contamination is high enough that a load cannot be sold, the whole truck can be redirected to a landfill. Some haulers also charge cities or individual customers a contamination fee, and repeat problems at a single address can mean a warning tag or a removed bin.

Are receipts and shredded paper recyclable?

Usually not, for two different reasons. Most receipts are thermal paper coated with chemicals such as BPA or BPS, and that coating contaminates recycled paper pulp, so they belong in the trash. Shredding is a separate issue: it cuts paper fibers too short to be made into new paper, and loose shreds blow around and fall through sorting screens. If your program takes shredded paper at all, it will normally ask you to bag it in paper first.

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